Who retains control of the aircraft when the left elevator is jammed?

In the scenario where the left elevator is jammed, the pilot with the operative elevator retains control of the aircraft. This is because, in most aircraft configurations, even if one elevator becomes unresponsive, the other elevator can still maneuver the aircraft effectively. The pilot with control can use inputs through the functional elevator to maintain the aircraft's stability and directional control, allowing for safe flight operations.

Having control allows the pilot to make necessary adjustments and compensations for the loss of elevator functionality, ensuring that the aircraft can be managed until a safe landing is achieved or the situation is resolved. This demonstrates the importance of training and familiarity with aircraft systems, enabling pilots to handle such emergencies effectively.

Other options, while they might suggest different aspects of crew responsibilities, do not align with the standard operating procedures regarding student pilot authority or aircraft control under these circumstances.